When was bisphenol a invented
Copyright Complaints Trademark Notice. Skip to content. Menu Search form Search term. Stanford Report, April 30, Bisphenol A facts. BPA falls under code 7 other , but since this code is a catchall for any type of plastic that does not fit into categories , you cannot assume that a product contains polycarbonate or BPA just because it has that code. The new eco-friendly biodegradable plastics also fall under code 7. Unfortunately, the law does not require plastics manufacturers to mark SPI codes on products, and many do not include them at all.
If you are uncertain, contact the product manufacturer. To learn more about BPA and the latest information on this ongoing issue, visit the Health Canada website, www.
Usually used for food products with a short shelf life, such as milk and juice, as well as water and industrial cleaning supplies laundry detergent, bleach ; shampoo and cosmetics packaging; hard plastic containers and grocery bags; imitation wood; playground equipment; also recycled into similar products.
They can leach out when this plastic contacts food. Condiment bottles, yogurt and margarine containers, medicine bottles, reusable coffee mugs and lids, automotive products bumpers, interior trim , non-food packaging, industrial fibres; also recycled into similar products.
Degrades with repeated use and can allow bacteria to develop. Sometimes contains traces of BPA. In April , a select group of scientists received a letter emblazoned with the Harvard University crest inviting them to sit on the first such BPA panel. This is a Harvard center. Under founder John D. Bush White House, the center had solicited funding from companies whose business might be affected by its research.
Three years later, in a Harvard-funded study, the same researchers found that not to be true. Back in October , in a letter to Philip Morris obtained through the archives of tobacco-industry files released during litigation and maintained by the University of California, San Francisco , Graham demonstrated how HCRA could recast opposition to regulation as concern for the greater good.
In the D. When it came to its BPA review, the Harvard center held several meetings of its panel between summer and But then the report languished for two years, during which time dozens of studies were released that strengthened the case against BPA, including a human study that linked the compound to ovarian cysts a cause of infertility. None of those findings made it into the final report. Four removed their names from the study.
In the end, HCRA paid even the scientists who pulled their names from the review. A judge could rule that they had a conflict of interest. Through a spokesperson, George Gray, the acting director of the Harvard center at the time, declined to comment on the study. Bush appointed him assistant administrator of the EPA. You might expect that a compromised review like this would wither away. Yet the opposite is true.
The plastics industry still uses it as evidence that BPA is safe. Journalists and consumers who visit bisphenol-a. In December , another review of BPA began, this one spurred by the federal government, not industry. Infertility and birth defects are up. Sperm counts are down. Girls reach puberty earlier. Breast cancer, prostate cancer, and neurobehavioral conditions such as attention-deficit disorder are mounting.
On the surface, Sciences International appeared highly qualified for the task. Its president and founder was Dr. Elizabeth Anderson, a former government toxicologist who had helped establish the EPA. A person firm, launched in , Sciences had analyzed the toxicity of dozens of chemicals for the EPA, the FDA, and other government agencies.
Sciences had also built a robust practice helping corporations grapple with lawsuits and regulation. Among its clients were law firms, trade associations, and oil-, tobacco-, and chemical-industry giants. Tools of the trade included providing expert testimony in lawsuits and producing scientific papers for publication.
A investigation in Environmental Health Perspectives raised questions about the boundaries that Anderson and her firm were willing to cross in service of their clients. In the late s, the EPA proposed stricter standards for phosphine after several people died near fumigated warehouses. The tobacco industry determined that the restrictions would cost millions and turned to Sciences for help. Correspondence between Anderson and R.
Then, with input from her clients, she drafted a report arguing for the old standards and offered to get it published in a peer-reviewed journal.
When the EPA eventually decided not to change the exposure standard for phosphine, the agency cited the review by Sciences International as justification. Anderson declined to talk with Fast Company about the matter. That draft would serve as a foundation for a panel of scientists who would judge the compound. According to biologist Pete Myers, chief scientist of the nonprofit Environmental Health Sciences, who analyzed the page report, it shared flaws with the discredited Harvard review.
BPA is one of the highest-volume chemicals produced worldwide. In alone, over 6 billion pounds of BPA were used to manufacture PC plastic products, resin lining cans, dental sealants, and polyvinyl chloride plastic products.
The ester bond linking BPA molecules undergoes hydrolysis, resulting in the release of BPA into food, beverages, and the environment. To contact the attorneys at Baum Hedlund, call today. A ranking in The U.
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